Larger open spaces, caused for example by timber harvesting and storms, are particularly critical areas for the development of floods. Avoiding large open areas – e.g. by promoting shelter before timber harvesting – and closing the resulting open areas as quickly as possible can noticeably reduce runoff from flood-sensitive catchment areas.
The measure includes the assessment of damages at buildings and infrastructure (e.g. transport routes, water supply, and waste water disposal) concerning their usability and the necessity for restoration after an event. The measure is also important for the settlement of claims through insurance companies. In case that support from public disaster funds is available, procedures…
Permeable paving is designed to allow rainwater to infiltrate through the surface, either into underlying layers (soils and aquifers), or be stored below ground and released at a controlled rate to surface water. Sealed surfaces can be replaced by different materials, such as gravel turf, grass pavers, concrete pavers with drainage or porous concrete. This…
Land use and land cover changes as well as intensification or extensification of land use are altering the hydrologic system and have potentially large impacts on flooding in lower lying areas. Upstream and downstream interconnections, interactions and action’s intereffects should be taken into consideration in planning activities, especially when problems occur in settlement areas. Formal…
Land consolidation is a planning process likely to clarify land ownership, reduce fragmentation of agricultural land ownership and to improve rural infrastructure and living conditions. This way it can reintroduce technical measures into collectivized field blocks, and positively influence landscape fragmentation for improving water retention and avoiding uncontrolled hazardous surface runoff. Land consolidation processes should…
Lease contracts are legally binding agreements between a lessor and a lessee of land. They contain terms and conditions to which the property has been leased out. The need for renewal of such agreements in case of a new lessee or expiring term of lease from time to time provides opportunities for the owner to…
